- Residual Current Devices (RCD)
Residual current devices (RCD) protect people by causing a break in circuit whenever it detects a tripping current of 30 milliamps (0.03 amperes) or greater, which is harmful to humans. The RCD speed of operation will minimize the risk of electrocution. RCD is a lifesaving device, which is designed to prevent you from getting a fatal electric shock if you touch something live/energized.
- Overloaded Circuits
Fittings and fixtures may heat up, spark, smoke or make abnormal noises when overloaded. Utilize multiple electrical outlets to distribute the load. It decreases the risk of circuits becoming overloaded. Use circuit breakers appropriately sized for the electrical load. Electrical panels are to be properly labeled. Buy electrical fittings and fixtures which comply with BS 7671:2018, IET/IEE Wiring Regulations.
- Exposed Electrical Parts
Exposed, live electrical parts are an electrical hazard which can cause electric shocks and burns. A cover/guard must be placed to prevent direct access to exposed electrical components in the panel. Solvent- and water-based cleaning agents are electrically conductive, as are steel wool and metalized cloth. Keep cleaning products and any conductive tools away from live, exposed conductive parts.
- Overhead Power Lines
Beware of overhead power lines, when work is performed near electrical lines. Treat ALL lines as energized. Contact with overhead lines causes burn injuries and/or severe electric shock, either of which can be fatal. Maintain a minimum distance of 10 feet from power lines and a crane unloading a truck, a ladder, scaffold or jets of water. Arrange for line clearance with the electric utility in advance.
- Improper Earthing/Grounding
To reduce the risk of an electric shock, make sure the earthing/grounding system is permanently connected to an earthing/grounding rod placed 6-8 feet deep in the earth through an earth/ground conductor. The earth/ground conductor should be of sufficiently low impedance and sufficient ampacity to ensure that the earth/ground fault current does not build up to dangerous voltages.
- Defective Tools & Equipment
Using defective tools and equipment is an unsafe act that can result in injury to persons. Immediately discontinue use of damaged tools and faulty equipment. Engage the services of a qualified electrical personnel to conduct repairs, and replace unrepairable equipment. Never attempt to fix it yourself. Use tools and equipment in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
- Damaged Insulation
When you become aware of damaged insulation on the cable for an appliance, tool or equipment, contact a qualified electrician to replace the cable. Turn off all power sources before replacing damaged insulation and never attempt to cover them with electrical tape. Prior to the use of appliances, tools, and equipment, thoroughly inspect for abrasions, cracks, or cuts on cables.
- Inadequate Wiring
The electrical wiring installation for older homes and businesses use smaller wires and cables. Inappropriately sized conductors draw current by appliances/equipment, which can result in overheating and cause fires without tripping the circuit breaker. Re-inspection of the wiring is recommended by the Government Electrical Inspectorate to comply with BS 7671:2018, IET/IEE Wiring Regulations, when Inspector’s Certificate of Approval expires.
- Underground cables
Damage to underground cables occur when it is cut through by sharp point tool or crushed by heavy machinery. Persons can be seriously injured by an electric shock, burnt by electrical arcs/explosions or fatally wounded by electrocution. Cables that have been previously damaged but left unreported and unrepaired can cause incidents. Contact the electric utility before digging work begins.
- Wet Conditions
When equipment is used or operated in wet, damp, or moist areas, the risk of electric shock and electrocution greatly increases. Never operate electrical equipment in wet locations. Install residual circuit devices/ground fault interrupters in bathrooms, kitchens, laundries, and garages to interrupt dangerously high current which can cause death or severe injuries.
- Extension Cords/Power Strip
Handle cords properly. Do not: fasten them with nail/screws/staples, press or overstretch them, run them across doorways or under carpets. Never plug two cords together. Utilize cords that are rated for the level of amperage or wattage that the equipment require. Purchase heavy-duty extension cords with built-in residual current device safety switch for protection against electric shocks.
- Lightning
Lightning strikes can severely injure or kill workers whose jobs involve working outdoors. When thunder roars, stop all outdoor activities, seek shelter and wait 30 minutes after lightning strikes conclude to resume activity. While indoors, stay away from windows, and avoid appliance and electronic equipment use. Stay clear of baths, pool, ponds and beaches. If someone is struck, seek immediate medical attention.
